No more maintained.
Now just a test in a lab.
OS Guide: Fedora
The OpenSkills Guide for Experienced Linux Sysadmin: Fedora
Fedora - Network configuration
Tipo Infobox: DISTRO - Skill: 3- INTERMEDIATE
Network configuration on Fedora is quite similar to the one for other versions of RedHat Linux, besides the standard files, the main configuration is done on /etc/sysconfig/network where is defined the hostname and can be placed the default gateway and in the files of the /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ directory.
The TCP/IP network setup is done with the script /etc/init.d/network, with obviously must be started before other network services on a connected machine.
The official graphical configuration tool is system-config-network (Menu System Settings - Network), from here is possible to define the IP parameters for all the interfaces found on the system (tab Devices, modifies the /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-interface and /etc/sysconfig/networking/devices/ifcfg-interface files), the IP of the DNS servers (tab DNS, modifies /etc/resolv.conf), the static host IP assignement (tab Hosts, modifies /etc/hosts).
Fedora supports also user's profiles, with differnet network settings. The Network Configuration tools easily let the user define a profile and its parameters, the relevant system files are placed in the directory /etc/sysconfig/networking/profiles/profilename/. Currently Fedora does not allow the definition of a profile at boot time, when the machine is started the default "Common" profile is used, to switch to a custom one either launch system-config-network graphical tool and select your profile or type system-config-network-cmd -p profilename --activate.
RedHat provides other network configuration tools:
netconfig is an old text configuration tool, which is obsolete and may be used to a fast configuration;
system-config-network-tui is the text version of the graphical Network Configuration Tool.
system-config-network-druid (Menu System tools - Internet configuration wizard) is a guided wizard which helps an easy configuration of Ethernet, modem, ISDN, DSL, wireless configuration.
Firewall configuration
Red Hat stores the firewall configuration in the /etc/sysconfig/iptables file which is formatted in order to be used by the iptables-restore command. Firewalling is managed with the /etc/init.d/iptables script which can be followed by arguments like start to activate firewalling, stop to disable it, panic to shutdown any Internet access, status to view the current iptables rules.
A simple and not extremely flexible configuration tool is system-config-firewall, which is adeguate for a desktop machine but surely not for a router/firewall.
Fedora - Installation
Tipo Infobox: DISTRO - Skill: 2- JUNIOR
Red Hat Fedora 2's installation procedure is very similar to the one used in every recent Red Hat Linux. Anaconda is the historic installer used by Red Hat and, even if not the best of the bunch around, does well its work and proves to be quite easy to manage.
This release's highlights are a 2.6 kernel with SELinux support (disabled by default, type selinux at the first prompt in order to activate it), KDE 3.2.2, Gnome 2.6, X.Org instead of XFree86 as X window manager.
Hardware requirements for Fedora Core 2
MINIMUM - Pentium-class CPU, 620MB disk space, 64MB RAM (text mode) or 192MB RAM (graphical mode)
RECCOMENDED - 400 MHz Pentium II CPU or better, 6 GB disk space or more, 256MB RAM (graphical mode)
The Installation procedure follows the usual steps:
- Media Check (it takes a long time to check the installation CDs, use it only to be use about the integrity of file or if you've had problems during the installation of packages)
- Welcome Page, Language Selection, Keyboard Configuration, Mouse Configuration, Monitor Configuration
- Installation Type can be: Custom Installation (Minimal): 620MB; Server: 1.1GB; Personal Desktop: 2.3GB; Workstation: 3.0GB; Custom Installation (Everything): 6.9GB or Custom Installation with user selected packages.
- Disk Partitioning Setup uses the tool Druid which is good but does not let you resize existing partitions without deleting data (necessary when installing Linux on a box with Windows and no spare partitions)
- Boot Loader Installation uses Grub by default. Lilo can be chosen as alternative but is going to be removed in future versions.
- Network configuration with a good hardware recognition range.
- Firewall configuration with a quite basic graphic interface adequate mostly for a desktop system.
- Set root password
- Authentication configuration with the ability to check credentials against Kerberos, LDAP, NT or Active Directory domain (Winbind), Hesiod, NIS.
- Package group selection
The installation logs are placed in /root/install.log, /root/install.log.syslog and a ready to use kickstart configuration file with the used settings is stored /root/anaconda-ks.cfg.
Fedora - Installation log
Tipo Infobox: STDOUT - Skill: 3- INTERMEDIATE
In Fedora and generally all RedHat versions, Anaconda stores a log of all the installed packaged in /root/install.log.
Another log, summarizing the system activites triggered by packages installation (typically users added to the system) is /root/install.log.syslog.
Another interesting file is /root/anaconda-ks.cfg, a working configuration file for an unattended kickstart installation which uses the parameters and settings defined for the newly installed box.
[root@vagante /]# cat /root/install.log
Installing 728 packages
Installing fedora-logos-1.1.24-1.noarch.
Installing hwdata-0.118-1.noarch.
[...]
Follows the complete list of installed packages
[...]
The following packages were available in this version but NOT installed:
Canna-3.7p1-6.i386.rpm
Canna-devel-3.7p1-6.i386.rpm
[...]
[root@vagante /]# cat /root/install.log.syslog
<86>May 19 21:34:24 groupadd[550]: new group: name=rpm, gid=37
<86>May 19 21:34:25 useradd[551]: new user: name=rpm, uid=37, gid=37, home=/var/lib/rpm, shell=/sbin/nologin
Operations on the system made during the installation of the packages
[...]
<86>May 19 21:50:19 useradd[7779]: new user: name=mysql, uid=27, gid=27, home=/var/lib/mysql, shell=/bin/bash
<13>May 19 21:51:22 kudzu: aliased as pcnet_cs
<13>May 19 21:51:24 kudzu: ran mouseconfig for input/mice
<13>May 19 21:51:24 kudzu: aliased snd-card-0 as snd-intel8x0
<13>May 19 21:51:24 kudzu: aliased usb-controller as ehci-hcd
<13>May 19 21:51:24 kudzu: aliased usb-controller1 as uhci-hcd
[root@vagante /]# cat /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
This file has all the kickstart settings necessary for repeating the saem installation
# Kickstart file automatically generated by anaconda.
install
cdrom
lang en_US.UTF-8
langsupport --default en_US.UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
keyboard it
xconfig --card "NVIDIA GeForce FX (generic)" --videoram 65536 --hsync 31.5-100.0 --vsync 59.0-75.0 --resolution 1024x768 --depth 24 --startxonboot --defaultdesktop gnome
network --device eth0 --bootproto dhcp
network --device eth1 --bootproto static --ip 10.42.42.1 --netmask 255.255.255.0
rootpw --iscrypted $1$d6tTDN.c$wRaWx..s5R5QqFOEpuY7b.
firewall --disabled
selinux --disabled
authconfig --enableshadow --enablemd5
timezone Europe/Rome
bootloader --location=partition --append rhgb quiet
# The following is the partition information you requested
# Note that any partitions you deleted are not expressed
# here so unless you clear all partitions first, this is
# not guaranteed to work
#clearpart --linux
#part / --fstype ext3 --onpart hda2
#part swap --noformat --onpart hda5
%packages
@ office
@ kde-desktop
@ web-server
@ mail-server
@ dns-server
@ gnome-desktop
@ dialup
@ sql-server
@ editors
@ admin-tools
@ system-tools
@ emacs
@ smb-server
@ base-x
@ sound-and-video
@ printing
@ server-cfg
@ graphics
@ ftp-server
@ kernel-development
@ development-tools
@ engineering-and-scientific
@ text-internet
@ graphical-internet
dvgrab
net-snmp-utils
gtkam-gimp
-perl-DBD-Pg
epiphany
php-mysql
vim-X11
mysql-server
-evolution
ethereal-gnome
kdeadmin
k3b
system-config-boot
-slrn
-rhdb-utils
kernel-smp
lynx
-xchat
kdemultimedia
mikmod
tsclient
nmap-frontend
shapecfg
xpdf
tora
ncftp
mod_auth_mysql
mrtg
pcmcia-cs
xmms
elinks
grip
-mutt
kdegraphics
vnc
mozilla-dom-inspector
spamassassin
grub
mailman
rdesktop
-lapack
mozilla-mail
pstack
xmms-skins
mc
gnomemeeting
squirrelmail
-blas
postfix
gnucash
-postgresql-server
e2fsprogs
-octave
%post
Fedora - Packages logs
Tipo Infobox: STDOUT - Skill: 3- INTERMEDIATE
Fedora uses rpm for managing software packages. The list of the installed packages is in /var/log/rpmpkgs, a similiar list is always available with the rpm -qa command.
Fedora provides 2 different methods to update the systems's software: up2date which connects to Red Hat Network and uses Red Hat' own update system and yum which can be used also to update packages from different sources and channels. Yum stores its logs in /var/log/yum.log.
[root@vagante /]# cat /var/log/rpmpkgs
4Suite-1.0-1.0.a3.1.i386.rpm
GConf-1.0.9-13.1.i386.rpm
GConf2-2.6.0-7.i386.rpm
Glide3-20010520-30.i386.rpm
Guppi-0.40.3-18.i386.rpm
ImageMagick-5.5.7.15-1.3.i386.rpm
MAKEDEV-3.3.13-1.i386.rpm
ORBit-0.5.17-11.4.1.i386.rpm
ORBit2-2.10.0-4.i386.rpm
Omni-0.9.1-6.i386.rpm
Omni-foomatic-0.9.1-6.i386.rpm
PyXML-0.8.3-4.1.i386.rpm
SDL-1.2.7-3.i386.rpm
SysVinit-2.85-25.i386.rpm
VFlib2-2.25.6-21.i386.rpm
Xaw3d-1.5-21.1.i386.rpm
a2ps-4.13b-37.i386.rpm
a52dec-0.7.4-7.1.fc2.fr.i386.rpm
aalib-1.4.0-5.1.fc2.fr.i386.rpm
acl-2.2.7-5.i386.rpm
acpid-1.0.2-6.i386.rpm
airsnort-0.2.4-0.a.1.fc2.dag.i386.rpm
airtraf-1.1-0.1.fc2.dag.i386.rpm
alchemist-1.0.33-1.i386.rpm
alsa-lib-1.0.3a-2.i386.rpm
alsa-utils-1.0.3-1.i386.rpm
anacron-2.3-30.i386.rpm
ant-1.5.2-26.i386.rpm
ant-core-1.5.2-26.i386.rpm
apmd-3.0.2-22.i386.rpm
apr-0.9.4-11.i386.rpm
apr-util-0.9.4-14.i386.rpm
apt-0.5.15cnc6-1.1.fc2.fr.i386.rpm
arpwatch-2.1a13-1.i386.rpm
arts-1.2.2-2.i386.rpm
ash-0.3.8-18.i386.rpm
aspell-0.50.3-19.1.i386.rpm
aspell-en-0.51-7.1.i386.rpm
at-3.1.8-53.i386.rpm
at-spi-1.4.0-1.i386.rpm
atk-1.6.0-1.i386.rpm
atk-devel-1.6.0-1.i386.rpm
attr-2.4.1-4.i386.rpm
audiofile-0.2.5-1.1.i386.rpm
aumix-2.8-8.i386.rpm
authconfig-4.6.2-1.i386.rpm
authconfig-gtk-4.6.2-1.i386.rpm
autoconf-2.59-3.noarch.rpm
autofs-4.1.2-2.i386.rpm
automake-1.8.3-1.noarch.rpm
automake14-1.4p6-9.noarch.rpm
automake15-1.5-10.noarch.rpm
automake16-1.6.3-2.noarch.rpm
automake17-1.7.9-2.noarch.rpm
autorun-3.13-1.i386.rpm
basesystem-8.0-3.noarch.rpm
bash-2.05b-38.i386.rpm
bc-1.06-16.1.i386.rpm
bcel-5.0-13.i386.rpm
beecrypt-3.1.0-3.i386.rpm
bind-9.2.3-13.i386.rpm
bind-libs-9.2.3-13.i386.rpm
bind-utils-9.2.3-13.i386.rpm
binutils-2.15.90.0.3-5.i386.rpm
bison-1.875c-1.i386.rpm
bitmap-fonts-0.3-3.noarch.rpm
bitstream-vera-fonts-1.10-3.noarch.rpm
bochs-2.1.1-1.1.fc2.dag.i386.rpm
bonobo-1.0.22-8.1.i386.rpm
boost-1.31.0-7.i386.rpm
boost-devel-1.31.0-7.i386.rpm
byacc-1.9-27.i386.rpm
bzip2-1.0.2-12.1.i386.rpm
bzip2-devel-1.0.2-12.1.i386.rpm
bzip2-libs-1.0.2-12.1.i386.rpm
caching-nameserver-7.2-12.noarch.rpm
cdda2wav-2.01-0.a27.4.FC2.1.i386.rpm
cdecl-2.5-29.i386.rpm
cdlabelgen-2.6.1-2.noarch.rpm
cdp-0.33-31.i386.rpm
cdparanoia-alpha9.8-20.1.i386.rpm
cdparanoia-libs-alpha9.8-20.1.i386.rpm
cdrecord-2.01-0.a27.4.FC2.1.i386.rpm
chkconfig-1.3.9-1.1.i386.rpm
chkfontpath-1.10.0-1.i386.rpm
ckermit-8.0.209-7.i386.rpm
clamav-0.71-1.1.fc2.dag.i386.rpm
clamav-db-0.71-1.1.fc2.dag.i386.rpm
clamav-milter-0.71-1.1.fc2.dag.i386.rpm
clamd-0.71-1.1.fc2.dag.i386.rpm
commons-beanutils-1.6.1-13.i386.rpm
commons-collections-2.1-12.i386.rpm
commons-digester-1.4.1-13.i386.rpm
commons-logging-1.0.2-15.i386.rpm
commons-modeler-1.0-8.i386.rpm
comps-2-0.20040513.i386.rpm
comps-extras-9.92-1.noarch.rpm
control-center-2.6.1-3.i386.rpm
coreutils-5.2.1-7.i386.rpm
cpio-2.5-6.i386.rpm
cpp-3.3.3-7.i386.rpm
cracklib-2.7-27.1.i386.rpm
cracklib-dicts-2.7-27.1.i386.rpm
crontabs-1.10-6.noarch.rpm
ctags-5.5.2-2.i386.rpm
cups-1.1.20-11.1.i386.rpm
cups-libs-1.1.20-11.1.i386.rpm
curl-7.11.1-1.i386.rpm
curl-devel-7.11.1-1.i386.rpm
cvs-1.11.17-2.i386.rpm
cyrus-sasl-2.1.18-2.i386.rpm
cyrus-sasl-devel-2.1.18-2.i386.rpm
cyrus-sasl-md5-2.1.18-2.i386.rpm
cyrus-sasl-plain-2.1.18-2.i386.rpm
db4-4.2.52-3.1.i386.rpm
db4-devel-4.2.52-3.1.i386.rpm
db4-utils-4.2.52-3.1.i386.rpm
dbus-0.20-4.1.i386.rpm
dbus-glib-0.20-4.1.i386.rpm
desktop-backgrounds-basic-2.0-20.noarch.rpm
desktop-backgrounds-extra-2.0-20.noarch.rpm
desktop-file-utils-0.4-2.i386.rpm
desktop-printing-0.1.10-26.i386.rpm
dev-3.3.13-1.i386.rpm
device-mapper-1.00.14-3.i386.rpm
devlabel-0.42.05-3.1.i386.rpm
dhclient-3.0.1rc14-1.i386.rpm
dhcp-3.0.1rc14-1.i386.rpm
dia-0.93-1.1.fc2.dag.i386.rpm
dialog-0.9b-20031207.2.i386.rpm
diffstat-1.31-4.i386.rpm
diffutils-2.8.1-11.i386.rpm
distcache-1.4.5-2.i386.rpm
dnstracer-1.7-1.1.fc2.dag.i386.rpm
docbook-dtds-1.0-24.noarch.rpm
dos2unix-3.1-17.i386.rpm
dosfstools-2.8-12.i386.rpm
dovecot-0.99.10.5-0.FC2.i386.rpm
doxygen-1.3.6-2.i386.rpm
dump-0.4b33-3.i386.rpm
dvd+rw-tools-5.17.4.8.6-2.i386.rpm
dvdauthor-0.6.10-1.1.fc2.dag.i386.rpm
dvgrab-1.5-2.i386.rpm
e2fsprogs-1.35-7.1.i386.rpm
e2fsprogs-devel-1.35-7.1.i386.rpm
ed-0.2-35.i386.rpm
eel2-2.6.0-1.i386.rpm
eject-2.0.13-5.i386.rpm
elfutils-0.95-2.i386.rpm
elfutils-libelf-0.95-2.i386.rpm
elinks-0.9.1-1.i386.rpm
emacs-21.3-12.i386.rpm
emacs-common-21.3-12.i386.rpm
emacs-leim-21.3-12.i386.rpm
enscript-1.6.1-25.i386.rpm
eog-2.6.0-2.i386.rpm
epiphany-1.2.7-0.2.0.i386.rpm
esound-0.2.34-2.i386.rpm
etherape-0.9.0-1.1.fc2.dag.i386.rpm
ethereal-0.10.5-0.2.2.i386.rpm
ethereal-gnome-0.10.5-0.2.2.i386.rpm
ethtool-1.8-3.1.i386.rpm
ettercap-0.6.9-0.b.1.fc2.dag.i386.rpm
expat-1.95.7-1.1.i386.rpm
expat-devel-1.95.7-1.1.i386.rpm
faad2-2.0-1.1.fc2.fr.i386.rpm
fam-2.6.10-9.FC2.i386.rpm
fam-devel-2.6.10-9.FC2.i386.rpm
fbset-2.1-15.i386.rpm
fedora-logos-1.1.24-1.noarch.rpm
fedora-release-2-4.i386.rpm
fetchmail-6.2.5-2.i386.rpm
file-4.07-4.i386.rpm
file-roller-2.6.0-1.i386.rpm
filesystem-2.2.4-1.i386.rpm
findutils-4.1.7-25.i386.rpm
finger-0.17-24.i386.rpm
firefox-0.8-2.1.fc2.dag.i386.rpm
firstboot-1.3.14-1.noarch.rpm
flac-1.1.0-4.i386.rpm
flex-2.5.4a-31.1.i386.rpm
fontconfig-2.2.1-10.i386.rpm
fontconfig-devel-2.2.1-10.i386.rpm
foomatic-3.0.1-3.i386.rpm
freeglut-2.2.0-11.i386.rpm
freetype-2.1.7-4.i386.rpm
freetype-devel-2.1.7-4.i386.rpm
ftp-0.17-21.i386.rpm
g-wrap-1.3.4-5.1.i386.rpm
gail-1.6.0-1.i386.rpm
gaim-0.82-0.FC2.i386.rpm
gal-0.24-3.1.i386.rpm
gawk-3.1.3-7.i386.rpm
gcc-3.3.3-7.i386.rpm
gcc-c++-3.3.3-7.i386.rpm
gcc-g77-3.3.3-7.i386.rpm
gcc-gnat-3.3.3-7.i386.rpm
gcc-java-3.3.3-7.i386.rpm
gcc34-3.4.0-1.i386.rpm
gcc34-java-3.4.0-1.i386.rpm
gconf-editor-2.6.0-1.i386.rpm
gd-2.0.21-3.i386.rpm
gdb-6.0post-0.20040223.19.i386.rpm
gdbm-1.8.0-22.1.i386.rpm
gdbm-devel-1.8.0-22.1.i386.rpm
gdk-pixbuf-0.22.0-5.0.1.i386.rpm
gdk-pixbuf-gnome-0.22.0-5.0.1.i386.rpm
gdm-2.6.0.0-3.i386.rpm
gedit-2.6.0-4.i386.rpm
gettext-0.14.1-2.1.i386.rpm
ggv-2.6.0-2.i386.rpm
ghostscript-7.07-25.i386.rpm
ghostscript-fonts-5.50-11.noarch.rpm
gimp-2.0.4-0.fc2.1.i386.rpm
gimp-data-extras-1.2.0-11.noarch.rpm
gimp-print-4.2.6-11.i386.rpm
gimp-print-plugin-4.2.6-11.i386.rpm
gimp-print-utils-4.2.6-11.i386.rpm
gkrellm-2.2.2-1.1.fc2.fr.i386.rpm
glib-1.2.10-12.1.1.i386.rpm
glib-devel-1.2.10-12.1.1.i386.rpm
glib2-2.4.0-1.i386.rpm
glib2-devel-2.4.0-1.i386.rpm
glibc-2.3.3-27.i686.rpm
glibc-common-2.3.3-27.i386.rpm
glibc-devel-2.3.3-27.i386.rpm
glibc-headers-2.3.3-27.i386.rpm
glibc-kernheaders-2.4-8.44.i386.rpm
gmp-4.1.2-14.i386.rpm
gmp-devel-4.1.2-14.i386.rpm
gnome-applets-2.6.2.1-1.i386.rpm
gnome-audio-1.4.0-7.noarch.rpm
gnome-desktop-2.6.0.1-1.i386.rpm
gnome-icon-theme-1.2.0-1.noarch.rpm
gnome-keyring-0.2.0-1.i386.rpm
gnome-libs-1.4.1.2.90-40.i386.rpm
gnome-mag-0.10.10-2.i386.rpm
gnome-media-2.6.0-1.i386.rpm
gnome-mime-data-2.4.1-4.i386.rpm
gnome-panel-2.6.0-9.i386.rpm
gnome-pilot-2.0.10-6.1.i386.rpm
gnome-print-0.37-9.i386.rpm
gnome-python2-2.0.0-4.1.i386.rpm
gnome-python2-bonobo-2.0.0-4.1.i386.rpm
gnome-python2-canvas-2.0.0-4.1.i386.rpm
gnome-python2-gtkhtml2-2.0.0-4.1.i386.rpm
gnome-session-2.6.0-4.i386.rpm
gnome-system-monitor-2.6.0-3.i386.rpm
gnome-terminal-2.6.0-2.i386.rpm
gnome-themes-2.6.0-2.i386.rpm
gnome-user-docs-2.6.0.1-2.noarch.rpm
gnome-utils-2.6.0-2.i386.rpm
gnome-vfs-1.0.5-18.i386.rpm
gnome-vfs-extras-0.2.0-8.1.i386.rpm
gnome-vfs2-2.6.0-8.i386.rpm
gnome-vfs2-smb-2.6.0-8.i386.rpm
gnomemeeting-1.0.2-2.i386.rpm
gnucash-1.8.9-1.i386.rpm
gnupg-1.2.4-2.1.i386.rpm
gnuplot-3.7.3-5.i386.rpm
gok-0.10.2-1.i386.rpm
gpdf-0.131-2.i386.rpm
gpg-pubkey-4f2a6fd2-3f9d9d3b.(none).rpm
gpg-pubkey-db42a60e-37ea5438.(none).rpm
gpg-pubkey-db42a60e-37ea5438.(none).rpm
gpg-pubkey-e42d547b-3960bdf1.(none).rpm
gpg-pubkey-e42d547b-3960bdf1.(none).rpm
gphoto2-2.1.4-2.1.i386.rpm
gpm-1.20.1-49.i386.rpm
gpm-devel-1.20.1-49.i386.rpm
grep-2.5.1-26.i386.rpm
grip-3.2.0-2.1.fc2.fr.i386.rpm
groff-1.18.1-34.i386.rpm
grub-0.94-5.i386.rpm
gstreamer-0.8.3-2.i386.rpm
gstreamer-plugins-0.8.2-2.1.i386.rpm
gsubedit-0.3.20020604-0.1.fc2.dag.i386.rpm
gthumb-2.4.1-1.1.fc2.fr.i386.rpm
gtk+-1.2.10-29.1.1.i386.rpm
gtk+-devel-1.2.10-29.1.1.i386.rpm
gtk-engines-0.12-3.0.1.i386.rpm
gtk2-2.4.0-1.i386.rpm
gtk2-devel-2.4.0-1.i386.rpm
gtk2-engines-2.2.0-5.i386.rpm
gtkam-0.1.11-2.i386.rpm
gtkam-gimp-0.1.11-2.i386.rpm
gtkhtml-1.1.9-8.i386.rpm
gtkhtml2-2.6.0-1.i386.rpm
gtksourceview-1.0.0-2.i386.rpm
gtkspell-2.0.4-4.1.i386.rpm
guile-1.6.4-11.i386.rpm
gzip-1.3.3-12.i386.rpm
hdparm-5.5-1.i386.rpm
hesiod-3.0.2-29.1.i386.rpm
hesiod-devel-3.0.2-29.1.i386.rpm
hicolor-icon-theme-0.3-2.noarch.rpm
hotplug-2004_04_01-1.i386.rpm
hpijs-1.6-1.i386.rpm
htdig-3.2.0b5-7.i386.rpm
htmlview-3.0.0-4.noarch.rpm
httpd-2.0.50-2.1.i386.rpm
httpd-manual-2.0.50-2.1.i386.rpm
hwbrowser-0.15-3.noarch.rpm
hwcrypto-1.0-15.i386.rpm
hwdata-0.120-1.noarch.rpm
id3lib-3.8.3-6.1.fc2.fr.i386.rpm
iiimf-client-lib-11.4-46.1.svn1587.i386.rpm
iiimf-client-lib-devel-11.4-46.1.svn1587.i386.rpm
iiimf-protocol-lib-11.4-46.1.svn1587.i386.rpm
iiimf-protocol-lib-devel-11.4-46.1.svn1587.i386.rpm
imlib-1.9.13-15.1.i386.rpm
indent-2.2.9-5.i386.rpm
info-4.7-4.i386.rpm
initscripts-7.55.1-1.i386.rpm
intltool-0.30-1.i386.rpm
iproute-2.4.7-14.i386.rpm
iptables-1.2.9-2.3.1.i386.rpm
iputils-20020927-13.i386.rpm
irda-utils-0.9.15-5.i386.rpm
isdn4k-utils-3.2-13.p1.1.i386.rpm
jaf-20030319-4.i386.rpm
jakarta-regexp-1.2-15.i386.rpm
javamail-20031006-4.i386.rpm
junit-3.8.1-4.i386.rpm
jwhois-3.2.2-3.i386.rpm
k3b-0.11.12-1.i386.rpm
kbd-1.12-1.i386.rpm
kdeaddons-3.2.2-1.i386.rpm
kdeadmin-3.2.2-2.i386.rpm
kdeartwork-3.2.2-1.i386.rpm
kdebase-3.2.2-4.i386.rpm
kdegraphics-3.2.2-1.i386.rpm
kdelibs-3.2.2-6.i386.rpm
kdemultimedia-3.2.2-2.i386.rpm
kdenetwork-3.2.2-1.i386.rpm
kdepim-3.2.2-2.i386.rpm
kdeutils-3.2.2-3.i386.rpm
kernel-2.6.5-1.358.8kstacks.i686.rpm
kernel-2.6.5-1.358.i686.rpm
kernel-smp-2.6.5-1.358.8kstacks.i686.rpm
kernel-smp-2.6.5-1.358.i686.rpm
kernel-source-2.6.5-1.358.i386.rpm
kernel-utils-2.4-9.1.131.i386.rpm
kismet-3.0.1-1.200404r1.1.fc2.dag.i386.rpm
krb5-devel-1.3.4-6.i386.rpm
krb5-libs-1.3.4-6.i386.rpm
krbafs-1.2.2-2.1.i386.rpm
krbafs-devel-1.2.2-2.1.i386.rpm
kudzu-1.1.62-1.i386.rpm
kudzu-devel-1.1.62-1.i386.rpm
lame-3.96-1.1.fc2.fr.i386.rpm
less-382-3.i386.rpm
lftp-3.0.4-1.1.fc2.dag.i386.rpm
lha-1.14i-14.i386.rpm
libIDL-0.8.3-2.1.i386.rpm
libacl-2.2.7-5.i386.rpm
libacl-devel-2.2.7-5.i386.rpm
libao-0.8.4-2.1.i386.rpm
libart_lgpl-2.3.16-2.1.i386.rpm
libattr-2.4.1-4.i386.rpm
libattr-devel-2.4.1-4.i386.rpm
libavc1394-0.4.1-1.1.i386.rpm
libbonobo-2.6.2-1.i386.rpm
libbonoboui-2.6.0-1.i386.rpm
libcap-1.10-18.1.i386.rpm
libcap-devel-1.10-18.1.i386.rpm
libcroco-0.4.0-4.i386.rpm
libdv-0.102-1.i386.rpm
libdvdcss-1.2.8-4.1.fc2.fr.i386.rpm
libdvdread-0.9.4-5.1.fc2.fr.i386.rpm
libexif-0.5.12-2.1.i386.rpm
libf2c-3.3.3-7.i386.rpm
libfame-0.9.1-1.1.fc2.fr.i386.rpm
libgail-gnome-1.0.2-3.1.i386.rpm
libgal23-0.24-3.1.i386.rpm
libgcc-3.3.3-7.i386.rpm
libgcj-3.3.3-7.i386.rpm
libgcj-devel-3.3.3-7.i386.rpm
libgcj34-3.4.0-1.i386.rpm
libgcj34-devel-3.4.0-1.i386.rpm
libghttp-1.0.9-9.1.1.i386.rpm
libglade-0.17-13.2.1.i386.rpm
libglade2-2.3.6-1.i386.rpm
libgnat-3.3.3-7.i386.rpm
libgnome-2.6.0-3.i386.rpm
libgnomecanvas-2.6.0-1.i386.rpm
libgnomecups-0.1.6-7.i386.rpm
libgnomeprint15-0.37-9.i386.rpm
libgnomeprint22-2.6.0-1.i386.rpm
libgnomeprintui22-2.6.0-1.i386.rpm
libgnomeui-2.6.0-3.i386.rpm
libgsf-1.9.0-2.i386.rpm
libgtop2-2.5.2-2.i386.rpm
libieee1284-0.2.8-2.1.i386.rpm
libjpeg-6b-31.1.i386.rpm
libjpeg-devel-6b-31.1.i386.rpm
libmad-0.15.1b-2.1.fc2.fr.i386.rpm
libmng-1.0.4-5.1.i386.rpm
libmng-devel-1.0.4-5.1.i386.rpm
libmusicbrainz-2.0.2-7.1.i386.rpm
libofx-0.6.6-1.i386.rpm
libogg-1.1-2.1.i386.rpm
libogg-devel-1.1-2.1.i386.rpm
libpcap-0.8.3-3.i386.rpm
libpng-1.2.5-8.i386.rpm
libpng-devel-1.2.5-8.i386.rpm
libpng10-1.0.15-8.i386.rpm
libpostproc-1.0-0.11.pre5.1.fc2.fr.i386.rpm
libquicktime-0.9.3-1.1.fc2.fr.i586.rpm
libraw1394-0.10.1-1.i386.rpm
librsvg2-2.6.4-2.i386.rpm
libselinux-1.11.4-1.i386.rpm
libselinux-devel-1.11.4-1.i386.rpm
libstdc++-3.3.3-7.i386.rpm
libstdc++-devel-3.3.3-7.i386.rpm
libtermcap-2.0.8-38.i386.rpm
libtermcap-devel-2.0.8-38.i386.rpm
libtiff-3.5.7-16.1.i386.rpm
libtool-1.5.6-1.i386.rpm
libtool-libs-1.5.6-1.i386.rpm
libungif-4.1.0-17.1.i386.rpm
libusb-0.1.8-2.1.i386.rpm
libusb-devel-0.1.8-2.1.i386.rpm
libuser-0.51.7-7.1.1.i386.rpm
libuser-devel-0.51.7-7.1.1.i386.rpm
libvorbis-1.0.1-2.1.i386.rpm
libvorbis-devel-1.0.1-2.1.i386.rpm
libwnck-2.6.0.1-3.i386.rpm
libwvstreams-3.70-13.1.i386.rpm
libxklavier-1.02-1.i386.rpm
libxml-1.8.17-10.1.1.i386.rpm
libxml2-2.6.8-1.i386.rpm
libxml2-devel-2.6.8-1.i386.rpm
libxml2-python-2.6.8-1.i386.rpm
libxslt-1.1.5-1.i386.rpm
linc-1.0.3-3.1.i386.rpm
lirc-0.6.6-2.1.fc2.fr.i386.rpm
lm_sensors-2.8.6-1.i386.rpm
lockdev-1.0.1-2.3.1.i386.rpm
lockdev-devel-1.0.1-2.3.1.i386.rpm
logrotate-3.7-4.1.i386.rpm
logwatch-5.1-3.noarch.rpm
lrzsz-0.12.20-18.i386.rpm
lsof-4.68-2.i386.rpm
ltrace-0.3.32-2.i386.rpm
lvm2-2.00.15-2.i386.rpm
lynx-2.8.5-15.i386.rpm
lzo-1.08-3.1.fc2.fr.i386.rpm
m4-1.4.1-15.i386.rpm
magicdev-1.1.6-1.i386.rpm
mailcap-2.1.15-1.noarch.rpm
mailman-2.1.5-7.i386.rpm
mailx-8.1.1-32.i386.rpm
make-3.80-3.i386.rpm
man-1.5m2-6.i386.rpm
man-pages-1.66-2.noarch.rpm
mc-4.6.0-17.fc2.i386.rpm
mdadm-1.5.0-3.i386.rpm
memprof-0.5.1-4.2.i386.rpm
memtest86+-1.11-2.i386.rpm
metacity-2.8.1-2.i386.rpm
mikmod-3.1.6-24.1.i386.rpm
mingetty-1.07-2.i386.rpm
minicom-2.00.0-18.1.i386.rpm
mjpegtools-1.6.2-3.1.fc2.fr.i686.rpm
mkbootdisk-1.5.1-1.1.i386.rpm
mkinitrd-3.5.22-1.i386.rpm
mkisofs-2.01-0.a27.4.FC2.1.i386.rpm
mktemp-1.5-7.i386.rpm
mod_auth_mysql-20030510-4.1.i386.rpm
mod_perl-1.99_12-2.1.i386.rpm
mod_python-3.1.3-1.fc2.1.i386.rpm
mod_ssl-2.0.50-2.1.i386.rpm
modutils-2.4.26-16.i386.rpm
mozilla-1.7.2-0.2.0.i386.rpm
mozilla-dom-inspector-1.7.2-0.2.0.i386.rpm
mozilla-mail-1.7.2-0.2.0.i386.rpm
mozilla-nspr-1.7.2-0.2.0.i386.rpm
mozilla-nss-1.7.2-0.2.0.i386.rpm
mpage-2.5.3-7.i386.rpm
mplayer-1.0-0.11.pre5.1.fc2.fr.i386.rpm
mplayer-fonts-1.1-2.1.fc2.dag.noarch.rpm
mrtg-2.10.5-3.i386.rpm
mt-st-0.7-13.1.i386.rpm
mtools-3.9.9-8.i386.rpm
mtr-0.54-5.i386.rpm
mx4j-1.1.1-9.i386.rpm
mysql-3.23.58-9.i386.rpm
mysql-server-3.23.58-9.i386.rpm
nano-1.2.3-1.i386.rpm
nautilus-2.6.0-4.i386.rpm
nautilus-cd-burner-2.6.0-2.i386.rpm
nautilus-media-0.8.0-1.i386.rpm
nc-1.10-20.i386.rpm
ncftp-3.1.7-2.i386.rpm
ncurses-5.4-5.i386.rpm
ncurses-devel-5.4-5.i386.rpm
net-snmp-5.1.1-2.i386.rpm
net-snmp-utils-5.1.1-2.i386.rpm
net-tools-1.60-25.1.i386.rpm
netconfig-0.8.20-1.1.1.i386.rpm
netdump-0.6.9-3.1.i386.rpm
netpbm-10.19-7.i386.rpm
netpbm-progs-10.19-7.i386.rpm
newt-0.51.6-2.1.1.i386.rpm
newt-devel-0.51.6-2.1.1.i386.rpm
nfs-utils-1.0.6-22.i386.rpm
nmap-3.50-3.i386.rpm
nmap-frontend-3.50-3.i386.rpm
nscd-2.3.3-27.i386.rpm
nss_ldap-217-1.i386.rpm
ntp-4.2.0-7.i386.rpm
ntsysv-1.3.9-1.1.i386.rpm
oaf-0.6.10-9.1.i386.rpm
ogle-0.9.2-2.1.fc2.fr.i386.rpm
openh323-1.13.4-2.i386.rpm
openhbci-0.9.14-2.i386.rpm
openjade-1.3.2-11.1.i386.rpm
openldap-2.1.29-1.i386.rpm
openldap-clients-2.1.29-1.i386.rpm
openldap-devel-2.1.29-1.i386.rpm
openmotif-2.2.3-4.1.i386.rpm
openoffice.org-1.1.1-4.i386.rpm
openoffice.org-i18n-1.1.1-4.i386.rpm
openoffice.org-libs-1.1.1-4.i386.rpm
openssh-3.6.1p2-34.i386.rpm
openssh-askpass-3.6.1p2-34.i386.rpm
openssh-askpass-gnome-3.6.1p2-34.i386.rpm
openssh-clients-3.6.1p2-34.i386.rpm
openssh-server-3.6.1p2-34.i386.rpm
openssl-0.9.7a-35.i686.rpm
openssl-devel-0.9.7a-35.i386.rpm
oprofile-0.8-0.20040121.3.i386.rpm
pam-0.77-40.i386.rpm
pam-devel-0.77-40.i386.rpm
pam_krb5-2.0.10-1.i386.rpm
pam_smb-1.1.7-3.1.i386.rpm
pango-1.4.0-2.i386.rpm
pango-devel-1.4.0-2.i386.rpm
parted-1.6.9-3.i386.rpm
passwd-0.68-8.1.i386.rpm
patch-2.5.4-19.i386.rpm
patchutils-0.2.29-2.i386.rpm
pax-3.0-8.i386.rpm
pciutils-2.1.99.test3-1.1.i386.rpm
pciutils-devel-2.1.99.test3-1.1.i386.rpm
pcmcia-cs-3.2.7-1.5.i386.rpm
pcre-4.5-2.i386.rpm
perl-5.8.3-18.i386.rpm
perl-Convert-BER-1.31.01-1.1.fc2.dag.noarch.rpm
perl-DBD-MySQL-2.9003-4.i386.rpm
perl-DBI-1.40-4.i386.rpm
perl-DateManip-5.42a-1.noarch.rpm
perl-Digest-HMAC-1.01-12.noarch.rpm
perl-Digest-SHA1-2.07-4.i386.rpm
perl-Filter-1.30-5.i386.rpm
perl-HTML-Parser-3.35-5.i386.rpm
perl-HTML-Tagset-3.03-29.noarch.rpm
perl-MIME-Lite-2.117-2.1.fc2.dag.i386.rpm
perl-Mon-0.11-1.1.fc2.dag.noarch.rpm
perl-Net-DNS-0.45-3.i386.rpm
perl-Net-SSLeay-1.23-0.1.fc2.dag.i386.rpm
perl-Parse-Yapp-1.05-31.noarch.rpm
perl-Time-HiRes-1.55-2.i386.rpm
perl-URI-1.30-1.noarch.rpm
perl-XML-Dumper-0.71-1.noarch.rpm
perl-XML-Encoding-1.01-25.noarch.rpm
perl-XML-Parser-2.34-2.i386.rpm
perl-libwww-perl-5.79-1.noarch.rpm
perl-libxml-enno-1.02-30.noarch.rpm
perl-libxml-perl-0.07-29.noarch.rpm
php-4.3.8-2.1.i386.rpm
php-acid-0.9.6b22-1.1.fc2.dag.noarch.rpm
php-adodb-4.22-1.1.fc2.dag.noarch.rpm
php-jpgraph-1.14-1.1.fc2.dag.noarch.rpm
php-ldap-4.3.8-2.1.i386.rpm
php-mbstring-4.3.8-2.1.i386.rpm
php-mysql-4.3.8-2.1.i386.rpm
php-pear-4.3.8-2.1.i386.rpm
pilot-link-0.11.8-3.1.i386.rpm
pinfo-0.6.8-4.i386.rpm
pkgconfig-0.15.0-1.1.i386.rpm
pnm2ppa-1.04-10.i386.rpm
policy-1.11.3-3.noarch.rpm
policycoreutils-1.11-2.i386.rpm
popt-1.9.1-0.3.i386.rpm
portmap-4.0-59.i386.rpm
postfix-2.0.18-4.i386.rpm
ppp-2.4.2-3.FC2.1.i386.rpm
prelink-0.3.2-1.i386.rpm
printman-0.0.1-2.20021202.17.i386.rpm
procmail-3.22-13.i386.rpm
procps-3.2.0-1.1.i386.rpm
psacct-6.3.2-29.i386.rpm
psgml-1.2.5-2.noarch.rpm
psmisc-21.4-2.i386.rpm
pstack-1.2-3.1.i386.rpm
psutils-1.17-22.i386.rpm
pwlib-1.6.5-1.i386.rpm
pyOpenSSL-0.5.1-21.1.i386.rpm
pygtk2-2.2.0-1.i386.rpm
pygtk2-libglade-2.2.0-1.i386.rpm
pyorbit-2.0.0-3.1.i386.rpm
pyparted-1.6.6-2.i386.rpm
python-2.3.3-6.i386.rpm
python-devel-2.3.3-6.i386.rpm
python-optik-1.4.1-5.noarch.rpm
pyxf86config-0.3.18-2.i386.rpm
qt-3.3.3-0.1.i386.rpm
qt-devel-3.3.3-0.1.i386.rpm
quota-3.10-2.i386.rpm
raidtools-1.00.3-8.i386.rpm
rcs-5.7-24.i386.rpm
rdate-1.3-3.1.i386.rpm
rdesktop-1.3.1-3.i386.rpm
rdist-6.1.5-32.i386.rpm
readline-4.3-10.1.i386.rpm
readline-devel-4.3-10.1.i386.rpm
redhat-artwork-0.96-1.i386.rpm
redhat-java-rpm-scripts-1.0.3-2.noarch.rpm
redhat-menus-1.4.1-1.noarch.rpm
redhat-rpm-config-8.0.28-1.1.1.noarch.rpm
rhgb-0.11.2-6.i386.rpm
rhn-applet-2.1.7-1.1.i386.rpm
rhnlib-1.5-1.1.noarch.rpm
rhpl-0.143-1.i386.rpm
rhythmbox-0.8.5-0.1.fc2.fr.i386.rpm
rip-0.1-1.i386.rpm
rmt-0.4b33-3.i386.rpm
rootfiles-7.2-7.noarch.rpm
rp-pppoe-3.5-14.i386.rpm
rpm-4.3.1-0.3.i386.rpm
rpm-build-4.3.1-0.3.i386.rpm
rpm-devel-4.3.1-0.3.i386.rpm
rpm-python-4.3.1-0.3.i386.rpm
rsh-0.17-21.i386.rpm
rsync-2.6.2-1.fc2.0.i386.rpm
samba-3.0.6-2.fc2.i386.rpm
samba-client-3.0.6-2.fc2.i386.rpm
samba-common-3.0.6-2.fc2.i386.rpm
sane-backends-1.0.13-7.i386.rpm
sane-frontends-1.0.11-4.i386.rpm
schedutils-1.3.0-6.i386.rpm
screen-4.0.2-2.i386.rpm
scrollkeeper-0.3.14-2.1.i386.rpm
sed-4.0.8-4.i386.rpm
sendmail-8.12.11-4.6.i386.rpm
sendmail-cf-8.12.11-4.6.i386.rpm
setarch-1.4-1.i386.rpm
setserial-2.17-15.i386.rpm
setup-2.5.33-1.noarch.rpm
setuptool-1.15-1.i386.rpm
sgml-common-0.6.3-16.noarch.rpm
shadow-utils-4.0.3-21.i386.rpm
shapecfg-2.2.12-15.i386.rpm
shared-mime-info-0.14-1.i386.rpm
sharutils-4.2.1-18.i386.rpm
slang-1.4.9-3.1.i386.rpm
slang-devel-1.4.9-3.1.i386.rpm
slocate-2.7-9.i386.rpm
smb4k-0.3.1-1.1.fc2.dag.i386.rpm
snort-2.1.2-2.1.fc2.dag.i386.rpm
snort-mysql-2.1.2-2.1.fc2.dag.i386.rpm
snort-rep-1.10-2.1.fc2.dag.i386.rpm
snortalog-2.2.1-1.1.fc2.dag.i386.rpm
sound-juicer-0.5.11-1.1.fc2.dag.i386.rpm
sox-12.17.4-4.fc2.i386.rpm
spamassassin-2.63-8.i386.rpm
specspo-9.0.92-1.1.noarch.rpm
speex-1.0.3-2.1.i386.rpm
splint-3.1.1-3.i386.rpm
squid-2.5.STABLE5-4.fc2.i386.rpm
squirrelmail-1.4.3-1.noarch.rpm
star-1.5a25-5.i386.rpm
startup-notification-0.6-2.i386.rpm
statserial-1.1-34.i386.rpm
strace-4.5.5-1.i386.rpm
stunnel-4.05-1.i386.rpm
sudo-1.6.7p5-26.i386.rpm
swig-1.3.19-6.1.i386.rpm
switchdesk-4.0.3-1.noarch.rpm
symlinks-1.2-21.i386.rpm
synaptic-0.52-1.1.fc2.fr.i386.rpm
sysklogd-1.4.1-16.i386.rpm
syslinux-2.09-1.1.fc2.dag.i386.rpm
system-config-bind-2.0.2-5.noarch.rpm
system-config-boot-0.2.5-1.i386.rpm
system-config-date-1.7.3.1-0.fc2.1.noarch.rpm
system-config-display-1.0.14-1.noarch.rpm
system-config-httpd-1.2.0-3.noarch.rpm
system-config-keyboard-1.2.1-2.noarch.rpm
system-config-kickstart-2.5.11-1.noarch.rpm
system-config-language-1.1.5-2.noarch.rpm
system-config-mouse-1.2.6-2.noarch.rpm
system-config-network-1.3.17-0.FC2.1.noarch.rpm
system-config-network-tui-1.3.17-0.FC2.1.noarch.rpm
system-config-nfs-1.2.3-2.noarch.rpm
system-config-packages-1.2.12-1.noarch.rpm
system-config-printer-0.6.98-1.i386.rpm
system-config-printer-gui-0.6.98-1.i386.rpm
system-config-rootpassword-1.1.3-2.noarch.rpm
system-config-samba-1.2.9-2.noarch.rpm
system-config-securitylevel-1.3.12-1.i386.rpm
system-config-securitylevel-tui-1.3.12-1.i386.rpm
system-config-services-0.8.8-8.noarch.rpm
system-config-soundcard-1.2.8-1.noarch.rpm
system-config-users-1.2.13-1.noarch.rpm
system-logviewer-0.9.7-1.noarch.rpm
talk-0.17-23.i386.rpm
tar-1.13.25-14.i386.rpm
tcp_wrappers-7.6-36.i386.rpm
tcpdump-3.8.2-3.i386.rpm
tcpflow-0.21-1.1.fc2.dag.i386.rpm
tcptrack-1.1.1-1.1.fc2.dag.i386.rpm
tcsh-6.12-8.i386.rpm
telnet-0.17-28.i386.rpm
termcap-11.0.1-18.1.noarch.rpm
texinfo-4.7-4.i386.rpm
time-1.7-24.i386.rpm
tmpwatch-2.9.0-2.1.i386.rpm
tora-1.3.13-2.1.i386.rpm
traceroute-1.4a12-21.1.i386.rpm
tsclient-0.132-2.2.i386.rpm
ttfprint-0.9-12.i386.rpm
ttmkfdir-3.0.9-11.i386.rpm
ttywatch-0.13-1.1.fc2.dag.i386.rpm
tux-3.2.18-1.i386.rpm
tzdata-2004b-1.fc2.noarch.rpm
umb-scheme-3.2-32.i386.rpm
units-1.80-9.i386.rpm
unix2dos-2.2-21.i386.rpm
unixODBC-2.2.8-5.i386.rpm
unzip-5.50-37.i386.rpm
up2date-4.3.19-1.i386.rpm
up2date-gnome-4.3.19-1.i386.rpm
urw-fonts-2.1-7.noarch.rpm
usbutils-0.11-4.i386.rpm
usermode-1.70-2.i386.rpm
usermode-gtk-1.70-2.i386.rpm
utempter-0.5.5-4.i386.rpm
util-linux-2.12-18.i386.rpm
vconfig-1.8-2.i386.rpm
vim-X11-6.2.457-1.i386.rpm
vim-common-6.2.457-1.i386.rpm
vim-enhanced-6.2.457-1.i386.rpm
vim-minimal-6.2.457-1.i386.rpm
vixie-cron-3.0.1-87.i386.rpm
vnc-4.0-1.beta4.11.i386.rpm
vnc-server-4.0-1.beta4.11.i386.rpm
vorbis-tools-1.0.1-2.i386.rpm
vsftpd-1.2.1-5.i386.rpm
vte-0.11.10-5.1.i386.rpm
webalizer-2.01_10-22.i386.rpm
webmin-1.140-1.1.fc2.dag.noarch.rpm
wget-1.9.1-5.i386.rpm
which-2.16-2.i386.rpm
wireless-tools-26-4.i386.rpm
words-2-22.noarch.rpm
wvdial-1.53-13.i386.rpm
xalan-j-2.4.1-14.i386.rpm
xdelta-1.1.3-13.1.i386.rpm
xerces-j-2.2.1-16.i386.rpm
xine-0.99.2-1.1.fc2.fr.i386.rpm
xine-lib-1.0.0-0.14.rc5.1.fc2.fr.i386.rpm
xinetd-2.3.13-2.i386.rpm
xinitrc-3.42-1.noarch.rpm
xloadimage-4.1-30.i386.rpm
xml-common-0.6.3-16.noarch.rpm
xmms-1.2.10-2.2.p.1.fc2.fr.i386.rpm
xmms-skins-1.2.10-2.2.p.1.fc2.fr.i386.rpm
xorg-x11-100dpi-fonts-6.7.0-5.i386.rpm
xorg-x11-6.7.0-5.i386.rpm
xorg-x11-75dpi-fonts-6.7.0-5.i386.rpm
xorg-x11-Mesa-libGL-6.7.0-5.i386.rpm
xorg-x11-Mesa-libGLU-6.7.0-5.i386.rpm
xorg-x11-base-fonts-6.7.0-5.i386.rpm
xorg-x11-devel-6.7.0-5.i386.rpm
xorg-x11-font-utils-6.7.0-5.i386.rpm
xorg-x11-libs-6.7.0-5.i386.rpm
xorg-x11-libs-data-6.7.0-5.i386.rpm
xorg-x11-tools-6.7.0-5.i386.rpm
xorg-x11-twm-6.7.0-5.i386.rpm
xorg-x11-xauth-6.7.0-5.i386.rpm
xorg-x11-xdm-6.7.0-5.i386.rpm
xorg-x11-xfs-6.7.0-5.i386.rpm
xpdf-3.00-3.i386.rpm
xsane-0.92-10.i386.rpm
xsane-gimp-0.92-10.i386.rpm
xscreensaver-4.14-5.i386.rpm
xsri-2.1.0-7.i386.rpm
xterm-179-6.EL.i386.rpm
xvidcore-1.0.1-1.1.fc2.fr.i386.rpm
yelp-2.6.0-1.i386.rpm
yp-tools-2.8-3.i386.rpm
ypbind-1.17.2-1.i386.rpm
yum-2.0.7-3.1.fc.fr.noarch.rpm
zip-2.3-22.i386.rpm
zlib-1.2.1.1-2.1.i386.rpm
zlib-devel-1.2.1.1-2.1.i386.rpm
[root@vagante /]# cat /var/log/yum.log
05/24/04 19:30:55 Dep Installed: id3lib 3.8.3-6.1.fc2.dag.i386
05/24/04 19:30:55 Updated: sound-juicer 0.5.11-1.1.fc2.dag.i386
05/24/04 19:30:55 Updated: kdelibs 6:3.2.2-6.i386
05/24/04 19:30:55 Updated: nfs-utils 1.0.6-22.i386
05/24/04 19:30:55 Updated: lftp 3.0.3-1.1.fc2.dag.i386
05/24/04 19:30:55 Updated: gaim 1:0.77-7.i386
05/24/04 19:30:55 Updated: libgnome 2.6.0-3.i386
05/24/04 19:30:55 Updated: dia 1:0.93-1.1.fc2.dag.i386
05/24/04 19:30:55 Updated: cvs 1.11.15-6.i386
05/24/04 19:30:55 Updated: grip 1:3.2.0-1.1.fc2.dag.i386
05/24/04 19:30:55 Updated: syslinux 2.09-1.1.fc2.dag.i386
05/28/04 10:54:12 Updated: php-mysql 4.3.6-5.i386
05/28/04 10:54:12 Updated: php-pear 4.3.6-5.i386
05/28/04 10:54:12 Updated: php 4.3.6-5.i386
05/28/04 10:54:12 Updated: hwdata 0.120-1.noarch
05/28/04 10:54:12 Updated: php-ldap 4.3.6-5.i386
05/28/04 10:54:12 Updated: rsync 2.6.2-1.i386
05/28/04 14:53:38 Installed: firefox 0.8-2.1.fc2.dag.i386
05/29/04 15:30:52 Installed: dhcp 1:3.0.1rc12-4.i386
05/29/04 16:49:18 Installed: apt 0.5.15cnc6-1.1.fc2.fr.i386
05/30/04 09:54:36 Installed: webmin 1.140-1.1.fc2.dag.noarch
05/30/04 09:54:36 Dep Installed: perl-Mon 0.11-1.1.fc2.dag.noarch
05/30/04 09:54:36 Dep Installed: perl-Convert-BER 1.31.01-1.1.fc2.dag.noarch
05/30/04 09:54:36 Dep Installed: perl-Net-SSLeay 1.23-0.1.fc2.dag.i386
05/30/04 10:55:29 Updated: yum 2.0.7-2.fc.fr.noarch
05/30/04 12:14:12 Updated: memtest86+ 1.11-2.i386
05/30/04 12:14:12 Updated: xmms 1:1.2.10-2.2.p.1.fc2.fr.i386
05/30/04 12:14:12 Updated: rhythmbox 0.8.4-1.1.fc2.fr.i386
05/30/04 12:14:12 Updated: grip 1:3.2.0-2.1.fc2.fr.i386
05/30/04 12:14:12 Updated: xmms-skins 1:1.2.10-2.2.p.1.fc2.fr.i386
05/30/04 12:14:12 Updated: gthumb 2.3.3-1.1.fc2.fr.i386
05/30/04 12:14:12 Updated: id3lib 3.8.3-6.1.fc2.fr.i386
05/31/04 11:00:23 Installed: smb4k 0.3.1-1.1.fc2.dag.i386
06/03/04 21:11:21 Installed: clamav 0.71-1.1.fc2.dag.i386
06/03/04 21:11:21 Dep Installed: clamav-db 0.71-1.1.fc2.dag.i386
06/03/04 21:12:38 Installed: clamav-milter 0.71-1.1.fc2.dag.i386
06/03/04 21:12:38 Dep Installed: clamd 0.71-1.1.fc2.dag.i386
06/07/04 17:19:24 Updated: net-tools 1.60-25.1.i386
06/07/04 17:19:24 Updated: cups-libs 1:1.1.20-11.1.i386
06/07/04 17:19:24 Updated: krb5-devel 1.3.3-7.i386
06/07/04 17:19:24 Updated: strace 4.5.4-1.i386
06/07/04 17:19:24 Updated: ethereal 0.10.3-2.1.i386
06/07/04 17:19:24 Updated: cups 1:1.1.20-11.1.i386
06/07/04 17:19:24 Updated: ethereal-gnome 0.10.3-2.1.i386
06/07/04 17:19:24 Updated: xinitrc 3.41-1.noarch
06/07/04 17:19:24 Updated: krb5-libs 1.3.3-7.i386
06/07/04 17:24:11 Installed: xine 0.99.1-1.1.fc2.fr.i386
06/07/04 17:24:11 Dep Installed: xine-lib 1.0.0-0.13.rc4a.1.fc2.fr.i386
06/07/04 17:24:11 Dep Installed: freeglut 2.2.0-11.i386
06/08/04 10:29:06 Installed: gkrellm 2.2.0-2.1.fc2.fr.i386
06/10/04 18:22:19 Installed: arpwatch 14:2.1a13-1.i386
06/12/04 15:31:03 Installed: kismet 3.0.1-1.200404r1.1.fc2.dag.i386
06/12/04 15:32:38 Installed: airsnort 0.2.4-0.a.1.fc2.dag.i386
07/08/04 12:30:19 Updated: bochs 2.1.1-1.1.fc2.dag.i386
07/12/04 10:36:22 Updated: gaim 1:0.79-0.FC2.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Dep Installed: php-mbstring 4.3.8-2.1.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Dep Installed: libselinux-devel 1.11.4-1.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: xorg-x11-xauth 6.7.0-5.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: ORBit2 2.10.0-4.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: xorg-x11-tools 6.7.0-5.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: initscripts 7.55.1-1.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: squirrelmail 1.4.3-1.noarch
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: system-config-network-tui 1.3.17-0.FC2.1.noarch
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: libpng10 1.0.15-5.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: finger 0.17-24.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: cdda2wav 8:2.01-0.a27.4.FC2.1.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: ethereal 0.10.5-0.2.2.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: system-config-network 1.3.17-0.FC2.1.noarch
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: ftp 0.17-21.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: gnome-session 2.6.0-4.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: cdrecord 8:2.01-0.a27.4.FC2.1.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: mod_python 3.1.3-1.fc2.1.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: texinfo 4.7-4.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: xorg-x11-devel 6.7.0-5.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: libwnck 2.6.0.1-3.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: ppp 2.4.2-3.FC2.1.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: GConf2 2.6.0-7.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: xorg-x11 6.7.0-5.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: gnome-applets 1:2.6.2.1-1.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: iiimf-protocol-lib 1:11.4-46.1.svn1587.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: xorg-x11-xfs 6.7.0-5.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: php 4.3.8-2.1.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: gstreamer 0.8.3-2.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: httpd-manual 2.0.50-2.1.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: fam 2.6.10-9.FC2.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: xorg-x11-100dpi-fonts 6.7.0-5.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: dhcp 2:3.0.1rc14-1.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: xorg-x11-libs 6.7.0-5.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: php-mysql 4.3.8-2.1.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: gaim 1:0.80-1.FC2.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: gimp 1:2.0.2-1.fc2.2.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: bison 1.875c-1.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: iiimf-client-lib 1:11.4-46.1.svn1587.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: xorg-x11-75dpi-fonts 6.7.0-5.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: xorg-x11-base-fonts 6.7.0-5.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: xorg-x11-xdm 6.7.0-5.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: cvs 1.11.17-2.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: ethereal-gnome 0.10.5-0.2.2.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: mailman 3:2.1.5-7.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: info 4.7-4.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: xinitrc 3.42-1.noarch
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: dovecot 0.99.10.5-0.FC2.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: xorg-x11-twm 6.7.0-5.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: fam-devel 2.6.10-9.FC2.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: php-pear 4.3.8-2.1.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: strace 4.5.5-1.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: openmotif 2.2.3-4.1.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: php-ldap 4.3.8-2.1.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: xorg-x11-font-utils 6.7.0-5.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: iiimf-protocol-lib-devel 1:11.4-46.1.svn1587.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: httpd 2.0.50-2.1.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: iiimf-client-lib-devel 1:11.4-46.1.svn1587.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: dhclient 2:3.0.1rc14-1.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: libpng 2:1.2.5-5.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: xorg-x11-Mesa-libGL 6.7.0-5.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: xorg-x11-Mesa-libGLU 6.7.0-5.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: mod_ssl 1:2.0.50-2.1.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: squid 7:2.5.STABLE5-4.fc2.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: gstreamer-plugins 0.8.2-2.1.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: k3b 0.11.12-1.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: mkisofs 8:2.01-0.a27.4.FC2.1.i386
07/28/04 09:54:06 Updated: xorg-x11-libs-data 6.7.0-5.i386
07/28/04 10:19:23 Installed: sharutils 4.2.1-18.i386
07/28/04 10:20:18 Installed: gtk+-devel 1:1.2.10-29.1.1.i386
07/28/04 10:20:18 Dep Installed: glib-devel 1:1.2.10-12.1.1.i386
07/28/04 11:25:34 Updated: yum 2.0.7-3.1.fc.fr.noarch
07/28/04 11:43:41 Updated: xvidcore 1.0.1-1.1.fc2.fr.i386
07/28/04 11:43:41 Updated: a52dec 0.7.4-7.1.fc2.fr.i386
07/28/04 11:43:41 Updated: gthumb 2.4.1-1.1.fc2.fr.i386
07/28/04 11:43:41 Updated: mplayer 1.0-0.11.pre5.1.fc2.fr.i386
07/28/04 11:43:41 Updated: gkrellm 2.2.2-1.1.fc2.fr.i386
07/28/04 11:43:41 Updated: xine-lib 1.0.0-0.14.rc5.1.fc2.fr.i386
07/28/04 11:43:41 Updated: libquicktime 0.9.3-1.1.fc2.fr.i586
07/28/04 11:43:41 Updated: xine 0.99.2-1.1.fc2.fr.i386
07/28/04 11:43:41 Updated: rhythmbox 0.8.5-0.1.fc2.fr.i386
07/28/04 11:43:41 Updated: libpostproc 1.0-0.11.pre5.1.fc2.fr.i386
07/28/04 11:43:41 Updated: synaptic 0.52-1.1.fc2.fr.i386
08/13/04 10:39:25 Updated: mozilla-dom-inspector 37:1.7.2-0.2.0.i386
08/13/04 10:39:25 Updated: libpng10 1.0.15-8.i386
08/13/04 10:39:25 Updated: system-config-date 1.7.3.1-0.fc2.1.noarch
08/13/04 10:39:25 Updated: sox 12.17.4-4.fc2.i386
08/13/04 10:39:25 Updated: libbonobo 2.6.2-1.i386
08/13/04 10:39:25 Updated: mozilla-nspr 37:1.7.2-0.2.0.i386
08/13/04 10:39:25 Updated: gaim 1:0.81-0.FC2.i386
08/13/04 10:39:25 Updated: epiphany 1.2.7-0.2.0.i386
08/13/04 10:39:25 Updated: gimp 1:2.0.4-0.fc2.1.i386
08/13/04 10:39:25 Updated: mozilla-mail 37:1.7.2-0.2.0.i386
08/13/04 10:39:25 Updated: mozilla-nss 37:1.7.2-0.2.0.i386
08/13/04 10:39:25 Updated: mozilla 37:1.7.2-0.2.0.i386
08/13/04 10:39:25 Updated: tzdata 2004b-1.fc2.noarch
08/13/04 10:39:25 Updated: libpng 2:1.2.5-8.i386
09/06/04 12:48:44 Dep Installed: libjpeg-devel 6b-31.1.i386
09/06/04 12:48:44 Dep Installed: libpng-devel 2:1.2.5-8.i386
09/06/04 12:48:44 Dep Installed: libmng-devel 1.0.4-5.1.i386
09/06/04 12:48:44 Updated: samba-client 3.0.6-2.fc2.i386
09/06/04 12:48:44 Updated: samba-common 3.0.6-2.fc2.i386
09/06/04 12:48:44 Updated: krb5-devel 1.3.4-6.i386
09/06/04 12:48:44 Updated: gaim 1:0.82-0.FC2.i386
09/06/04 12:48:44 Updated: samba 3.0.6-2.fc2.i386
09/06/04 12:48:44 Updated: qt-devel 1:3.3.3-0.1.i386
09/06/04 12:48:44 Updated: mc 1:4.6.0-17.fc2.i386
09/06/04 12:48:44 Updated: qt 1:3.3.3-0.1.i386
09/06/04 12:48:44 Updated: krb5-libs 1.3.4-6.i386
09/06/04 12:48:44 Updated: rsync 2.6.2-1.fc2.0.i386
Fedora - Syslog.conf
Tipo Infobox: STDOUT - Skill: 3- INTERMEDIATE
Fedora's /etc/syslog.conf follows a standard logic: mail logs are stored in /var/log/maillog, system's logs are in /var/log/messages, cron jobs activities are in /var/log/cron, authentication data are in /var/log/secure.
[root@vagante /]# cat /etc/syslog.conf
# Log all kernel messages to the console.
# Logging much else clutters up the screen.
#kern.* /dev/console
# Log anything (except mail) of level info or higher.
# Don't log private authentication messages!
*.info;mail.none;authpriv.none;cron.none;local6.none /var/log/messages
# The authpriv file has restricted access.
authpriv.* /var/log/secure
# Log all the mail messages in one place.
mail.* /var/log/maillog
# Log cron stuff
cron.* /var/log/cron
# Everybody gets emergency messages
*.emerg *
# Save news errors of level crit and higher in a special file.
uucp,news.crit /var/log/spooler
# Save boot messages also to boot.log
local7.* /var/log/boot.log
local6.* /var/log/dhcpd.log
Fedora - The Boot Process
Tipo Infobox: DISTRO - Skill: 3- INTERMEDIATE
Fedora 2 boots is the usual Red Hat way. Its initscripts are more or less similar in the various RedHat versions, as it often happens when a process is tested and mature enought to not need particular changes.
Boot Loader
Fedora's default boot loader is Grub, the directory /boot/grub/ contains all the configuration files and the binaries, grub.conf contains all the configuration data (/boot/grub/menu.lst and /etc/grub.conf are both symlinks to it), /boot/grub/splash.xpm.gz is the default splash images shown under the text in Grub.
Kernel
The core binary is placed in /boot/vmlinuz-version, System Map is /boot/System.map-version and the boot initialized ram disk data in /boot/initrd-version. A nice plus, introduced with Fedora is the presence of /boot/config-version (installed by a kernel rpm) with the complete configuration of the current kernel (a .config file which can be used as starting point for a new kernel configuration or for historycal reasons).
Modules are placed in /lib/modules/version.
Init
/etc/inittab has a standard logic, with mingetty started at runlevels superior to 1 (so in single user mode no password is asked and a root shell is directly invoked). The first initialization script, executed at every runlevel is /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit, then are executed the various services according to the SysV logic of the /etc/rc#runlevel.d directories.
Many system configuration files are placed in /etc/sysconfig/ and are loaded (sourced) in the boot phase.
/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit takes care of various setup activities, according to the following order:
- Uses initlog to log it activities according do what is configured in /etc/initlog.conf and /etc/syslog.conf
- If DEVFS is used, starts devfsd
- Sets up hostname, hosttype and sources /etc/sysconfig/network
- Mounts the procfs and the sysfs in /proc and /sys
- Checks SeLinux status (disable by default)
- Sources /etc/init.d/functions with various common shell functions used by other init scripts: daemon() , killproc() , pidofproc() , status() , echo_success() (the green OK) , confirm() ...
The script also sources some important configuration files: /etc/sysconfig/i18n (the system default language, in UTF format (ex: LANG="en_US.UTF-8"), which can create problems with some older software, particularly in Perl, either export LANG="en_US" before launching a troubled application or set it directly in /etc/sysconfig/i18n), /etc/sysconfig/init (the various color codes used in the booting output).
- Sets the system default font
- Prints the well known "Welcome to ..." banner
- Starts the graphical boot screen with the rhgb program which uses graphics from /usr/share/rhgb (change to customize)
- Configures kernel according to /etc/sysctl.conf settings
- Sets system clock accoring to /etc/sysconfig/clock parameters
- Sets the keyboard layout according to /etc/sysconfig/keyboard (change here to manage the keyboard settings in text mode)
- Initializes ACPI settings
- Initializes USB controller and HID devices
- Checks the files /fastboot, /fsckoptions, /forcefsck and /.autofsck and sources /etc/sysconfig/autofsck in order to determine if and how launch a file system check.
- Checks quota settings if any
- Sets up ISA PNP devices according to the configuration file /etc/isapnp.conf
- Mounts the Root filesystem in read/write mode
- If configured sets up the Logical Volume Management (LVM)
- Activates swap space
- Loads kernel modules with the parameters specified in /etc/modules.conf
- Starts raid (MD) devices
- If there is the /.unconfigured flag files, starts the first boot configuration procedure
- Removes various flag files in / , /var/lock , /var/run , removes the rpm database (/var/lib/rpm/__db*, it's rebuilt when a new rpm command is issued) and various files in the /tmp directory.
- Inizializes serial ports, SCSI tapes, USB storage, Firewire
- Turns on hard disk optimization with hdparm according to the settings in /etc/sysconfig/harddisks*
- If profiles are configured, it activates the default network profile
It's now time to switch to the default runlevel and activate the services (whose initialization scripts are in /etc/init.d/ according to the symlinks in /etc/rc#.d/ in typical SysV fashion.
The last script to be executed is /etc/rc.local where the user can place custom commands.
Services
To manage services (start|stop|restart|reload...) it's possibile to invoke directly the relative script or use the service command. For example:
[root@vagante al]# service httpd start
does the same (starting the Apache Web server) of:
[root@vagante al]# /etc/init.d/httpd start
which, since /etc/init.d is actually a symlink to /etc/rc.d/init.d, is exactly equivalent to:
[root@vagante al]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd start
Red Hat Fedora - Boot Messages
Tipo Infobox: STDOUT - Skill: 3- INTERMEDIATE
Fedora (and generally all Red Hat distro) store information about the boot process messages in these files:
/var/log/dmesg (kernel messages) and /var/log/boot.log (services outputs).
The first log (it can be seen also with the command dmesg) is rewritten at every system restart, the second one mantains the record of past booting activities.
Here follows the output of a Fedora System on a HP Pavillon zd7000 laptop with some standad services removed from startup and a modified kernel with the Nvidia drivers.
[root@vagante root]# cat /var/log/dmesg
Linux version 2.6.5-1.358.8kstacks (root@www) (gcc version 3.3.3 20040412 (Red Hat Linux 3.3.3-7)) #1 Sat May 22 21:46:42 EDT 2004 In this case the kernel is a modified version with 8K stacks, necessary for using the nvidia drivers in Fedora2
BIOS-provided physical RAM map:
BIOS-e820: 0000000000000000 - 000000000009f800 (usable)
BIOS-e820: 000000000009f800 - 00000000000a0000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 00000000000d8000 - 0000000000100000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 0000000000100000 - 000000001ff70000 (usable)
BIOS-e820: 000000001ff70000 - 000000001ff7b000 (ACPI data)
BIOS-e820: 000000001ff7b000 - 000000001ff80000 (ACPI NVS)
BIOS-e820: 000000001ff80000 - 0000000020000000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 00000000fec00000 - 00000000fec10000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 00000000fee00000 - 00000000fee01000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 00000000ff800000 - 00000000ffc00000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 00000000fffffc00 - 0000000100000000 (reserved)
0MB HIGHMEM available.
511MB LOWMEM available.
On node 0 totalpages: 130928
DMA zone: 4096 pages, LIFO batch:1
Normal zone: 126832 pages, LIFO batch:16
HighMem zone: 0 pages, LIFO batch:1
DMI present.
ACPI: RSDP (v000 HP ) @ 0x000f67b0
ACPI: RSDT (v001 HP RSDT 0x06040000 LTP 0x00000000) @ 0x1ff738bb
ACPI: FADT (v001 HP SPDG 0x06040000 PTL 0x00000003) @ 0x1ff7aecf
ACPI: MADT (v001 HP APIC 0x06040000 LTP 0x00000000) @ 0x1ff7af43
ACPI: BOOT (v001 HP $SBFTBL$ 0x06040000 LTP 0x00000001) @ 0x1ff7afa1
ACPI: SSDT (v001 HP ACPIHT 0x06040000 LTP 0x00000001) @ 0x1ff7afc9
ACPI: DSDT (v001 HP SPRGDALE 0x06040000 MSFT 0x0100000e) @ 0x00000000
ACPI: PM-Timer IO Port: 0x1008
Built 1 zonelists
Kernel command line: ro root=LABEL=/ rhgb quiet
Initializing CPU#0
PID hash table entries: 2048 (order 11: 16384 bytes)
Detected 2793.138 MHz processor.
Using pmtmr for high-res timesource
Console: colour VGA+ 80x25
Memory: 515964k/523712k available (1534k kernel code, 6976k reserved, 606k data, 144k init, 0k highmem)
Checking if this processor honours the WP bit even in supervisor mode... Ok.
Calibrating delay loop... 5537.79 BogoMIPS
Security Scaffold v1.0.0 initialized
SELinux: Initializing.
SELinux: Starting in permissive mode
There is already a security framework initialized, register_security failed.
Failure registering capabilities with the kernel
selinux_register_security: Registering secondary module capability SELinux settings, in this case, are not customized
Capability LSM initialized
Dentry cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
Inode-cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
Mount-cache hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
CPU: After generic identify, caps: bfebfbff 00000000 00000000 00000000
CPU: After vendor identify, caps: bfebfbff 00000000 00000000 00000000
CPU: Trace cache: 12K uops, L1 D cache: 8K
CPU: L2 cache: 512K
CPU: After all inits, caps: bfebf3ff 00000000 00000000 00000080
Intel machine check architecture supported.
Intel machine check reporting enabled on CPU#0.
CPU#0: Intel P4/Xeon Extended MCE MSRs (12) available
CPU: Intel(R) Pentium(R) 4 CPU 2.80GHz stepping 09
Enabling fast FPU save and restore... done.
Enabling unmasked SIMD FPU exception support... done.
Checking 'hlt' instruction... OK.
POSIX conformance testing by UNIFIX
NET: Registered protocol family 16
PCI: PCI BIOS revision 2.10 entry at 0xfd972, last bus=2
PCI: Using configuration type 1
mtrr: v2.0 (20020519)
ACPI: Subsystem revision 20040326
ACPI: IRQ9 SCI: Edge set to Level Trigger.
ACPI breakpoint: Executed AML Breakpoint opcode
ACPI: Interpreter enabled
ACPI: Using PIC for interrupt routing
ACPI: PCI Root Bridge [PCI0] (00:00)
PCI: Probing PCI hardware (bus 00)
PCI: Ignoring BAR0-3 of IDE controller 0000:00:1f.1
Transparent bridge - 0000:00:1e.0
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Routing Table [\_SB_.PCI0._PRT]
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Routing Table [\_SB_.PCI0.AGP_._PRT]
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Routing Table [\_SB_.PCI0.HUB_._PRT]
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKA] (IRQs 3 10 11 14 15)
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKB] (IRQs 3 *10 11 14 15)
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKC] (IRQs 3 *10 11 14 15)
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKD] (IRQs 3 10 *11 14 15)
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKE] (IRQs 3 10 11 14 15)
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKF] (IRQs 3 10 11 14 15)
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKG] (IRQs 3 10 11 14 15)
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKH] (IRQs 3 10 *11 14 15)
ACPI: Embedded Controller [EC0] (gpe 29)
Linux Plug and Play Support v0.97 (c) Adam Belay
usbcore: registered new driver usbfs
usbcore: registered new driver hub
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKA] enabled at IRQ 5
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKD] enabled at IRQ 11
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKC] enabled at IRQ 10
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKH] enabled at IRQ 11
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKB] enabled at IRQ 10
ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKE] enabled at IRQ 4
PCI: Using ACPI for IRQ routing
PCI: if you experience problems, try using option 'pci=noacpi' or even 'acpi=off'
Simple Boot Flag at 0x36 set to 0x1
apm: BIOS version 1.2 Flags 0x03 (Driver version 1.16ac)
apm: overridden by ACPI.
audit: initializing netlink socket (disabled)
audit(1094465361.838:0): initialized
Total HugeTLB memory allocated, 0
VFS: Disk quotas dquot_6.5.1
Dquot-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order 0, 4096 bytes)
SELinux: Registering netfilter hooks
Initializing Cryptographic API
pci_hotplug: PCI Hot Plug PCI Core version: 0.5
ACPI: Processor [CPU0] (supports C1 C3, 8 throttling states)
ACPI: Thermal Zone [THRM] (32 C)
isapnp: Scanning for PnP cards...
isapnp: No Plug & Play device found
Real Time Clock Driver v1.12
Linux agpgart interface v0.100 (c) Dave Jones
agpgart: Detected an Intel 865 Chipset.
agpgart: Maximum main memory to use for agp memory: 439M
agpgart: AGP aperture is 128M @ 0xd8000000
Serial: 8250/16550 driver $Revision: 1.90 $ 8 ports, IRQ sharing enabled
ttyS1 at I/O 0x2f8 (irq = 3) is a NS16550A
RAMDISK driver initialized: 16 RAM disks of 16384K size 1024 blocksize
divert: not allocating divert_blk for non-ethernet device lo
Uniform Multi-Platform E-IDE driver Revision: 7.00alpha2
ide: Assuming 33MHz system bus speed for PIO modes; override with idebus=xx
ICH5: IDE controller at PCI slot 0000:00:1f.1
PCI: Enabling device 0000:00:1f.1 (0005 -> 0007)
ICH5: chipset revision 2
ICH5: not 100% native mode: will probe irqs later
ide0: BM-DMA at 0x2040-0x2047, BIOS settings: hda:DMA, hdb:pio
ide1: BM-DMA at 0x2048-0x204f, BIOS settings: hdc:DMA, hdd:pio
hda: TOSHIBA MK6021GAS, ATA DISK drive
Using cfq io scheduler
ide0 at 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6 on irq 14
hdc: HL-DT-STCD-RW/DVD DRIVE GCC-4241N, ATAPI CD/DVD-ROM drive
ide1 at 0x170-0x177,0x376 on irq 15
hda: max request size: 128KiB
hda: 117210240 sectors (60011 MB), CHS=65535/16/63, UDMA(100)
hda: hda1 hda2 hda3 hda4 < hda5 hda6 hda7 hda8 hda9 hda10 hda11 hda12 >
hdc: ATAPI 24X DVD-ROM CD-R/RW drive, 2048kB Cache, DMA
Uniform CD-ROM driver Revision: 3.20
ide-floppy driver 0.99.newide
usbcore: registered new driver hiddev
usbcore: registered new driver hid
drivers/usb/input/hid-core.c: v2.0:USB HID core driver
mice: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
serio: i8042 AUX port at 0x60,0x64 irq 12
Synaptics Touchpad, model: 1
Firmware: 5.9
Sensor: 35
new absolute packet format
Touchpad has extended capability bits
-> palm detection
input: SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad on isa0060/serio1
serio: i8042 KBD port at 0x60,0x64 irq 1
input: AT Translated Set 2 keyboard on isa0060/serio0
md: md driver 0.90.0 MAX_MD_DEVS=256, MD_SB_DISKS=27
NET: Registered protocol family 2
IP: routing cache hash table of 4096 buckets, 32Kbytes
TCP: Hash tables configured (established 32768 bind 65536)
Initializing IPsec netlink socket
NET: Registered protocol family 1
NET: Registered protocol family 17
ACPI: (supports S0 S3 S4 S5)
checking if image is initramfs...it isn't (no cpio magic); looks like an initrd
Freeing initrd memory: 187k freed
md: Autodetecting RAID arrays.
md: autorun ...
md: ... autorun DONE.
RAMDISK: Compressed image found at block 0
VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem).
EXT3-fs: INFO: recovery required on readonly filesystem.
EXT3-fs: write access will be enabled during recovery.
kjournald starting. Commit interval 5 seconds
EXT3-fs: recovery complete.
EXT3-fs: mounted filesystem with ordered data mode.
Freeing unused kernel memory: 144k freed
SELinux: Disabled at runtime.
SELinux: Unregistering netfilter hooks
NET: Registered protocol family 10
Disabled Privacy Extensions on device c02db720(lo)
IPv6 over IPv4 tunneling driver
divert: not allocating divert_blk for non-ethernet device sit0
nvidia: module license 'NVIDIA' taints kernel. NVidia modules are not fully GPL even if freelt usable. The kernel underlines this
0: nvidia: loading NVIDIA Linux x86 NVIDIA Kernel Module 1.0-5336 Wed Jan 14 18:29:26 PST 2004
agpgart: Found an AGP 3.0 compliant device at 0000:00:00.0.
agpgart: Putting AGP V3 device at 0000:00:00.0 into 8x mode
agpgart: Putting AGP V3 device at 0000:01:00.0 into 8x mode
ACPI: AC Adapter [ACAD] (on-line)
ACPI: Battery Slot [BAT1] (battery present)
ACPI: Power Button (FF) [PWRF]
ACPI: Sleep Button (CM) [SBTN]
ACPI: Lid Switch [LID]
ehci_hcd 0000:00:1d.7: EHCI Host Controller
PCI: Setting latency timer of device 0000:00:1d.7 to 64
ehci_hcd 0000:00:1d.7: irq 11, pci mem e08a1000
ehci_hcd 0000:00:1d.7: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1
PCI: cache line size of 128 is not supported by device 0000:00:1d.7
ehci_hcd 0000:00:1d.7: USB 2.0 enabled, EHCI 1.00, driver 2003-Dec-29
hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found
hub 1-0:1.0: 6 ports detected
USB Universal Host Controller Interface driver v2.2
uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.0: UHCI Host Controller
PCI: Setting latency timer of device 0000:00:1d.0 to 64
uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.0: irq 5, io base 00001cc0
uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 2
hub 2-0:1.0: USB hub found
hub 2-0:1.0: 2 ports detected
uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.1: UHCI Host Controller
PCI: Setting latency timer of device 0000:00:1d.1 to 64
uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.1: irq 11, io base 00001ce0
uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.1: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 3
hub 3-0:1.0: USB hub found
hub 3-0:1.0: 2 ports detected
uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.2: UHCI Host Controller
PCI: Setting latency timer of device 0000:00:1d.2 to 64
uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.2: irq 10, io base 00002000
uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.2: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 4
hub 4-0:1.0: USB hub found
hub 4-0:1.0: 2 ports detected
EXT3 FS on hda2, internal journal
device-mapper: 4.1.0-ioctl (2003-12-10) initialised: [email protected]
cdrom: open failed.
Adding 1020088k swap on /dev/hda5. Priority:-1 extents:1
found reiserfs format "3.6" with standard journal
reiserfs: using ordered data mode
Reiserfs journal params: device hda6, size 8192, journal first block 18, max trans len 1024, max batch 90
0, max commit age 30, max trans age 30
reiserfs: checking transaction log (hda6) for (hda6)
Using r5 hash to sort names
kjournald starting. Commit interval 5 seconds
EXT3 FS on hda7, internal journal
EXT3-fs: mounted filesystem with ordered data mode.
found reiserfs format "3.6" with standard journal
reiserfs: using ordered data mode
Reiserfs journal params: device hda8, size 8192, journal first block 18, max trans len 1024, max batch 90
0, max commit age 30, max trans age 30
reiserfs: checking transaction log (hda8) for (hda8)
Using r5 hash to sort names
found reiserfs format "3.6" with standard journal
reiserfs: using ordered data mode
Reiserfs journal params: device hda10, size 8192, journal first block 18, max trans len 1024, max batch 9
00, max commit age 30, max trans age 30
reiserfs: checking transaction log (hda10) for (hda10)
Using r5 hash to sort names
EXT2-fs warning: mounting unchecked fs, running e2fsck is recommended
sh-2021: reiserfs_fill_super: can not find reiserfs on hda9
kjournald starting. Commit interval 5 seconds
EXT3 FS on hda3, internal journal
EXT3-fs: mounted filesystem with ordered data mode.
[root@vagante root]# cat /var/log/boot.log
Here follows the enumeration of services started at boot time and stopped during shutdown
Sep 4 10:31:56 vagante syslog: syslogd startup succeeded
Sep 4 10:31:56 vagante syslog: klogd startup succeeded
Sep 4 10:31:56 vagante irqbalance: irqbalance startup succeeded
Sep 4 10:31:56 vagante random: Initializing random number generator: succeeded
Sep 4 10:31:56 vagante pcmcia: Starting PCMCIA services:
Sep 4 10:31:57 vagante pcmcia: cardmgr[1726]: watching 1 socket
Sep 4 10:31:57 vagante pcmcia: done.
Sep 4 10:31:57 vagante rc: Starting pcmcia: succeeded
Sep 4 10:31:58 vagante autofs: automount startup succeeded
Sep 4 10:31:58 vagante smartd: smartd startup succeeded
Sep 4 10:31:58 vagante acpid: acpid startup succeeded
Sep 4 10:31:54 vagante network: Bringing up interface eth0: succeeded
Sep 4 10:31:54 vagante network: Bringing up interface eth1: succeeded
Sep 4 10:31:59 vagante yum: succeeded
Sep 4 10:32:07 vagante cups: cupsd startup succeeded
Sep 4 10:32:07 vagante sshd: succeeded
Sep 4 10:32:07 vagante xinetd: xinetd startup succeeded
Sep 4 10:32:10 vagante postfix: succeeded
Sep 4 10:32:10 vagante crond: crond startup succeeded
Sep 4 10:32:11 vagante xfs: xfs startup succeeded
Sep 4 10:32:11 vagante anacron: anacron startup succeeded
Sep 4 10:32:11 vagante readahead: Starting background readahead:
Sep 4 10:32:12 vagante rc: Starting readahead: succeeded
Sep 4 10:32:12 vagante messagebus: messagebus startup succeeded
Sep 4 13:44:42 vagante yum: Disabling nightly yum update:
Sep 4 13:44:42 vagante yum: succeeded
Sep 4 13:44:42 vagante yum: ^[[60G
Sep 4 13:44:42 vagante yum:
Sep 4 13:44:42 vagante rc: Stopping yum: succeeded
Sep 4 13:44:42 vagante messagebus: messagebus -TERM succeeded
Sep 4 13:44:42 vagante cups: cupsd shutdown succeeded
Sep 4 13:44:42 vagante xfs: xfs shutdown succeeded
Sep 4 13:44:43 vagante sshd: sshd -TERM succeeded
Sep 4 13:44:43 vagante postfix: Shutting down postfix:
Sep 4 13:44:43 vagante postfix: failed
Sep 4 13:44:43 vagante postfix:
Sep 4 13:44:43 vagante rc: Stopping postfix: failed
Sep 4 13:44:43 vagante smartd: smartd shutdown succeeded
Sep 4 13:44:44 vagante xinetd: xinetd shutdown succeeded
Sep 4 13:44:44 vagante ripd: rip shutdown succeeded
Sep 4 13:44:44 vagante acpid: acpid shutdown succeeded
Sep 4 13:44:44 vagante crond: crond shutdown succeeded
Sep 4 13:44:44 vagante dd: 1+0 records in
Sep 4 13:44:44 vagante dd: 1+0 records out
Sep 4 13:44:44 vagante random: Saving random seed: succeeded
Sep 6 10:10:04 vagante syslog: syslogd startup succeeded
Sep 6 10:10:04 vagante syslog: klogd startup succeeded
Sep 6 10:10:04 vagante irqbalance: irqbalance startup succeeded
Sep 6 10:10:04 vagante random: Initializing random number generator: succeeded
Sep 6 10:10:04 vagante pcmcia: Starting PCMCIA services:
Sep 6 10:10:05 vagante pcmcia: cardmgr[1649]: watching 1 socket
Sep 6 10:10:05 vagante pcmcia: done.
Sep 6 10:10:05 vagante rc: Starting pcmcia: succeeded
Sep 6 10:10:06 vagante autofs: automount startup succeeded
Sep 6 10:10:06 vagante smartd: smartd startup succeeded
Sep 6 10:10:06 vagante acpid: acpid startup succeeded
Sep 6 10:10:02 vagante ifup: done.
Sep 6 10:10:02 vagante network: Bringing up interface eth0: succeeded
Sep 6 10:10:07 vagante yum: succeeded
Sep 6 10:10:02 vagante network: Bringing up interface eth1: succeeded
Sep 6 10:10:16 vagante cups: cupsd startup succeeded
Sep 6 10:10:16 vagante sshd: succeeded
Sep 6 10:10:16 vagante xinetd: xinetd startup succeeded
Sep 6 10:10:18 vagante postfix: succeeded
Sep 6 10:10:18 vagante crond: crond startup succeeded
Sep 6 10:10:19 vagante xfs: xfs startup succeeded
Sep 6 10:10:19 vagante anacron: anacron startup succeeded
Sep 6 10:10:19 vagante readahead: Starting background readahead:
Sep 6 10:10:19 vagante rc: Starting readahead: succeeded
Sep 6 10:10:20 vagante messagebus: messagebus startup succeeded
Sep 6 11:15:24 vagante cups: cupsd shutdown succeeded
Sep 6 11:15:26 vagante cups: cupsd startup succeeded
RedHat Fedora - Software management
Tipo Infobox: DISTRO - Skill: 3- INTERMEDIATE
Fedora's rpm management has the same logic of all the RedHat versions.
rpm is the command used to handle all the operations on the packages (installation, removal, update...), in Fedora 2 is used rpm version 4.3. Every day (/etc/cron.daily/rpm/) a list of installed packages is placed in /var/log/rpmpkgs.
The rpm database, containing info about the installed rpms, the dependencies and requirements, the accepted GPG keys and MD5 signatures is in the /var/lib/rpm directory.
Note: Previous versions of rpm had a bug tha locked the database during certain operations and blocked all the rpm activities so that only a reboot could solve the problem. A faster solution is to delete the temporary data files called __db.001, __db.002, __db.003 in /var/lib/rpm. These files, if absent, are regenerated when the rpm command is issued.
Fedora provides system-config-packages (previously called redhat-config-packages) a graphical front-end to package management. It's accessible from the menu: System Settings - Add/Remove Applications and directly during the installation procedure.
An update system is necessary for any modern operating systems and Fedora actually can boast two different default update tools plus various other that can be installed separately.
UP2DATE is the official Red Hat Update Agent, which usually connects to Red Hat Network (RHN) for automatic packages update. A subscription to RHN is required for commercial versions of RedHat Linux and is actually the price you pay for the software. In Fedora up2date actually uses Yum or Apt repositories in different Fedora mirrors worldwide to retrieve packages, so it doesn't directly downloads packages from RHN and is free as beer.
The list of mirrors used by up2date is in /etc/sysconfig/rhn/sources, the general configuration file is /etc/sysconfig/rhn/up2date and is generated by the up2date-config graphical tool.
An unique identification ID of the system for RHN is placed in /etc/sysconfig/rhn/systemid, the downloaded packages and headers are stored in /var/spool/up2date.
YUM derives from the Yellow Dog distro and has been used by RedHat since Fedora 1. It has fastly become a major and well spread update system and actually does its work well. The configuration file is /etc/yum.conf, packages are downloaded in the /var/cache/yum directory, a log of the updates is /var/log/yum.log. Nightly yum updates can be activated as a normal service. Yum actually is not an always running daemon: a cron job every day checks if a lock file is present (/var/lock/subsys/yum)
before executing, with /etc/init.d/yum status you can see if Yum updates are activated.
Yum, as similar tools, takes care of all the dependencies because it downloads from the source sites the full list of the headers of all the locally installed rpms. The headers (file called "packagename.hdr") are a compressed text with all the typical information about a package: description, files provided, dependencies, checksums.
With the yum-arch command is possible to create all the headers of the rpms stored is the selected directory, building up what actually is necessary for a Yum repository.
Packages are divided in channels, there are the official ones (base CDROM, official updates, testing updates) and the ones from indipendent RPM builders (the most important ones are Freshmeat and DAG) or software makers.
An automatic update of the system can seem dangerous for a production server, but if this is entirely based on official rpms (without relevant software built from sources) it's quite safe and advisable.
To be sure to update rpms from a trusted source it's possibile to force the checking the GPG signature of the new packages against an imported and trusted GPG key.
To import the official GPG key for RedHat's released packages: rpm --import /usr/share/doc/fedora-release-2/RPM-GPG-KEY. If want to install checked software from other sources you need also to import the relative GPG key.
The number of rpm repositories for Fedora is getting quite large with overlapping software and potential problems if you use some of them together.
The basic scenario is this:
Fedora Updates are the official updates of the software provided with the Fedora CDROMs
Fedora Extras are extra semi-official packages made by the www.fedora.us guys (a collaborative effort)
Livna is a repository based of the Fedora extras packages list (must be used with it) featuring software that for various reasons (not totally free licence, impending patents and so on) could not be officially merged with Fedora Extra. Main page: rpm.livna.org
FreshRPMS, DAG, Newrpms, Dries, ATrpms are five different sites, maintained by individuals, with plenty of rpms of different software. The complete merged list of projects is impressive (more than 1500).
The most reasonable choice when using alternative channels for packages is the duo Fedora Extras / Livna OR one or more source from the alternative list.
NS -Network Simulator- guida all'installazione
Tipo Infobox: DESCRIPTION - Skill:
Simuliamo una rete di telecomunicazioni... guida all'installazione
Passi del processo di installazione: (è stato testato su Fedora Core 3)
1- scaricare il pacchetto dal sito: http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/dist/ il pacchetto più recente in questo momento è ns-allinone-2.28.tar.gz
2- scompattare il tar.gz in una directory
3- a questo punto, seguendo la guida che trovate nel README della dir dove avete scompattato dovete lanciare ./install (da utente), MA se usate gcc3.4 (io ad esempio l'ho installato su Fedora Core 3) l'installazione non andrà a buon termine, poichè non riuscirete a installare NAM (the Network Animator). Per ovviare al problema dovete:
4- spostarvi nella dir ~/ns-allinone-2.28/nam-1.11 aprire il file agent.h (è una libreria del C) con un editor di testo e alla riga 73 modificare "NULL" in "0" ---> vedi: http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-problems.html#ns-allinone-2.28.
5- installate eseguendo ./install, se tutto va a buon fine, leggendo le indicazioni finali si dice di impostare il PATH nel proprio environment. In pratica dovete aggingere, tramite un editor di testo, al file .bash_profile contenuto nella vostra home queste righe di codice:
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/ns-allinone-2.28/bin:$HOME/ns-allinone-2.28/tcl8.4.5/unix:$HOME/ns-allinone-2.28/tk8.4.5/unix
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$HOME/ns-allinone-2.28/otcl-1.9:$HOME/ns-allinone-2.28/lib
TCL_LIBRARY=$HOME/ns-allinone-2.28/tcl8.4.5/library
export PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH TCL_LIBRARY
salvate il file.
6- per rendere attive le modifiche è necessario eseguire un logout e un nuovo login.
Per verificare il corretto funzionamento di ns, aprire una shell e digitare "ns" . Dovrebbe apparire il simbolo "%". Mentre per verificare che nam funzioni digitate nam.
7- A questo punto potete eseguire il file ./validate contenuto nella directory nam-1.11, che impiega circa 90 minuti per testare il coretto funzionamento di tutto il sistema, se dovessero presentarsi delle anomalie consultate gli indirizzi web che vengono segnalati in fase di testing.
Rekstorm